Instructional Technology- Domain of
Management
Management Competency Artifacts
“The Domain of Management is controlling instructional technology through directing, coordinating, planning, organizing, and supervising” AECT (1994). An instructional project can be viewed as a set of interrelated activities aimed at a specific endpoint or performance, which often requires instructional technologists to assume a management role in planning, leading, implement ting, controlling, and evaluating, depending on the specific situation. In this domain instructional technologists must be able to utilize accepted business practices and methods.
In many situations instructional technologists utilize business oriented skills in order to successfully plan, manage, organize, and control and instructional projects. These include:
The Project Management Institute (PMI) has established detailed framework for the process of managing any project in their publication “The Project Managers Book of Knowledge- PMBOK”. Instructional or Performance technologists may apply this process to any situation requiring actions towards a performance goal. Similar to instructional systems design models, it is a systematic sequence of activities from needs assessment through evaluation of results, during which the project manager is responsible for planning and implementing all activities. Specific focus areas of the PMBOK process are:
|
Project
management focus |
Goal(s) |
|
|
|
|
Project Scope |
Define project boundaries and performance goals (deliverables) |
|
Project Integration |
Ensures all activities are properly coordinated |
|
Project Time |
Ensure all activities completed on time |
|
Project Cost |
Ensure adherence to budgets |
|
Project Quality |
Ensure project meets performance goals (deliverables) |
|
Project Communications |
Ensure efficient flow of accurate information as needed |
|
Project Procurement |
Effective acquisition of goods and services from outside sources |
|
Project Human Resources |
Ensure most effective use of people resources |
Another tool utilized by instructional technologists is Michael Greer’s model of project management for instructional design. Greer applies the Project Management Institute project management framework to the instructional design ID process which produces a more specific model for instructional technologists which can be outlined as:
Phase I- Planning:
Phase II- Instructional Development
Phase III- Follow up
When acting as a project manager, I believe instructional technologist should utilize the PMI framework to manage other sub domains of utilization.
Resource Management can be thought of as a part of project management more focused on the budgeting and justification of costs for personnel, material, time, and facilities (AECT, 2001). Instructional technologists estimate, plan, control, and constantly revise the use of people, money, equipment, and facilities to meet established budget and time targets (or constraints).
Delivery System Management pertains to the needs of assuring
the availability of satisfactory technical resources to implement the
instructional design and development plan. This can include adequate hardware
and software, and adequate technical support to learners and instructors to
ensure smooth implementation and integration of the learning. Information
management applies to the assurance that the systems used to deliver
information to the learner, whether print, computer-based, Web-based, or other,
is available to the learner when needed (AECT, 2001). Instructional
technologists utilize
In the project management process instructional technologists manage and facilitate the flow of quality information to those in need, as needed. This includes gathering, revising, and disseminating information; establishing communication channels; setting communication deadlines; and synthesizing information for management status updates.
Demonstration of Management Competencies in linked artifacts
|
Domain of
Management |
||
|
Instructional
Technology Competencies |
Artifact-
Section |
Rational for
Inclusion |
|
Plan, create, monitor, and facilitate instructional design projects
|
MIT 520 Proposal for Cooperative Employee Training Program: Project report
Project planning schedule
Project
Cost Summary
MIT 542
Proposal for
Project report
|
These products include detailed project management plans which schedule, organize, and monitor all activities along with providing budget, resource, and risk analysis. |
|
Manage personnel and facilities |
MIT 520 Proposal for Cooperative Employee
Training Program:
Project
report MIT 502
Analysis and recommended strategies for reduction of employee turnover: Recommended strategies and implementation
plan
|
These products demonstrate management of human resource skills. Resources are identified and responsibilities defined. Schedules and human resource budgets were developed in order to maximize efficiency. |
|
Plan and implement organizational change |
MIT 530 Proposal
for Change management plan
MIT 522 Proposal for Utilization of Web Pages to Enhance
High School Learning:
Implementation
plan MIT 542 Analysis
of
Solutions Implementation
MIT 502 Analysis
and Recommended Strategies for Reduction of Employee Turnover:
Solutions
Implementation
|
These proposals all include plans for implementing instructional based changes at the management level of large private and academic organizations over extended periods. |
|
Design instructional management systems |
MIT 542
Analysis of
Proposed solution
MIT 530 Proposal
for
Change management plan
MIT 522 Proposal for Utilization of Web Pages to Enhance
High School Learning:
Implementation
plan |
These products all include identification and establishment of management systems which are related to organizational changes required to support new instructional programs. |