WORKS CITED

Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT). (2001). What is the history of the field? Retrieved September 18, 2003, from: http://www.aect.org/standards/history.html

Cutshall, T. (1999). Tom Cutshall's attempt to put together the whole elephant to define instructional technology... Retrieved September 19, 2003, from: http://www.arches.uga.edu/~cutshall/tomitdef.html

Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. (2001). The systematic design of instruction. (Fifth Edition). New York, NY. Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc.

Ely, Donald P. (2000) The field of educational technology: update 2000 a dozen frequently asked questions. Retrieved Sept. 18, 2003, from: http://ericit.org/digests/EDO-IR-2000-01.shtml

ERIC Digest. (1989). Glossary of measurement terms. Retrieved Sept. 22, 2003, from: http://ericae.net/edo/ed315430.htm

Gentry, Cass G. (1987) Educational technology: a question of meaning. In G.L. Anglin (Ed.), Instructional technology: past present, and future (pp 1-11). Englewood, CO: Libraries Unlimited.

Greer, M. (1992). ID Project Management: Tools and techniques for instructional designers and developers. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.

Havelock, Ronald G. (1995). The change agents guide. Educational Technology Publications, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.

The Information Processing Approach to Cognition: http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/cogsys/infoproc.html

Kemp, J.E., Morrison, G.R., and Ross, S.M. (2001). Designing effective instruction (3rd edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Kirkpatrick, D.L. (1994). Evaluating Training Programs: The Four Levels. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler

Lohr, Linda (2003). Creating Graphics for Learning and Performance.Upper Saddle RIver, NJ. Pearson Education, Inc.

Mayer, Richard E. (2001). Multimedia Learning. New York, NY. Cambridge University Press.

McGriff, Steven (2001). ISD Knowledge Base / Instructional Design & Development /
Instructional Systems Design Models.
Retrieved October 9, 2005. http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/s/j/sjm256/portfolio/kbase/IDD/ISDModels.html#TOP

Pershing, J. and Molenda, M. (2000). Letters Home: The meaning of instructional technology. Tech Trends, Volume 44, Issue 1.

Pinto, Jeffrey K. (1998), Project Management Handbook, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, Inc. Publisher.

Reigeluth, Charles M. (Eds.). (1999). Instructional-design theories and models volume II - a new paradigm of instructional theory. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Reiser, Robert A. (2001) A history of instructional design and technology: Part I - A history of instructional media. ETR&D, Vol. 49, No. 1.

Rossett, Allison. (1987) Training needs assessment. Educational Technology Publications, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

Seels, Barbara & Glasgow, Zita. (1998). Making instructional design decisions. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

University of North Carolina at Wilmington. (2001). List of Program Goals and Competencies. Retrieved Sept. 5, 2003 from: http://www.uncwil.edu/ed/mit/

The model of Leshin, Pollock, Reigeluth. (1998) http://www.ceenet.org/workshops/lecture98/mart/instructional_theory/sld010.htm

Macromedia Studio 8, http://www.macromedia.com/software/studio/

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GLOSSARY

Analysis - The process of collecting and analyzing data to determine needs, tasks, content, and instructional requirements.
Constructivism - A school of psychology that believes that learning occurs because personal knowledge is constructed by the learner who solves problems by deriving meaning from experience.
Instructional designer - A person who makes decisions about specifications for conditions for learning.
Media - The physical means of conveying instructional content - for example: drawings, slides, audiotape, computer, person, etc.
Model - A simplified representation of a system, often in the form of a picture or flow chart.
Need - The difference between the desired state and the current status of a situation.
Storyboard - A way to represent audio and visual components. Also provides directions for angles of shots or special effects.
Definitions taken from: The Dick and Carey: Systematic Design of Instruction, 2001
and Seels & Glasgow, Making Instructional Design Decisions,1998

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to take this opportunity to thank my friends and family who have supported me throughout my journey.

I would like to thank Dr. Moallem for all her assistance and guidance throughout my entire MIT career. You have been an ongoing source of encouragement and inspiration for which I am extremely grateful.

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